Knowledge hub

FEFO vs FIFO vs LIFO: choosing a reservation rule

FEFO (first expired, first out) picks the stock with the earliest expiry date first. FIFO (first in, first out) picks the stock received earliest. LIFO (last in, first out) picks the newest stock first. Food and pharma usually require FEFO; durable goods often use FIFO; LIFO suits non-perishable bulk stock.

By Kulmen engineering team · Updated

Side by side

RulePicks firstTypical goods
FEFOEarliest expiry or best-before dateFood, beverages, pharmaceuticals, chemicals
FIFOEarliest receivedPackaged consumer goods, spare parts
LIFOMost recently receivedNon-perishable bulk items, some building materials

What the warehouse needs to apply them

  • Capture at receipt: batch and expiry must be recorded when goods arrive.
  • Reservation logic: the rule must be applied when stock is reserved, not left to the picker.
  • Exceptions: customer-specific minimum shelf life, project reservations, blocked batches.
  • Alerts: near-expiry reports before stock becomes unsellable.

Kulmen reserves stock by FEFO, FIFO or LIFO, or by user-defined rules, and supports pre-reservation on project, order and customer. See inventory and food and beverage.

See your warehouse running on Kulmen.

Tell us how your site works today and where you want it to go. An engineer, not a salesperson, will walk you through it.